1、 Floor support plate

又称钢承板、建筑压型钢板，采用镀锌钢板经辊压冷弯成型，其截面成V型、U型、梯形或类似这几种形状的波形，主要用作永久性模板，也可被选为其他用途。

Also known as steel bearing plate or building profiled steel plate, it is formed by rolling and cold bending of galvanized steel plate. Its cross-section is V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoidal or similar waveforms, mainly used as permanent formwork, and can also be selected for other purposes.

在使用阶段楼承板作为混凝土楼板的受拉钢筋，也提高了楼板的刚度，节省了钢筋和混凝土的用量。压型板表面压纹使楼承板与混凝土之间产生大的结合力，使二者形成整体，配以加劲肋，使楼承板系统具有高强承载力。压型钢板组合板(楼承板,钢承板)是一种十分合理的结构形式，它能够按其各组成部件所处的位置和特点，充分发挥钢材抗拉和混凝土抗压性能好的优点，并具有良好的抗震性能、施工性能。这种结构目前被广泛应用于国内外多高层建筑中。楼承板和普通钢筋混凝土楼板对比1. 楼承板可作为现浇混凝土的永久模版，省掉了施工中安装和拆除模板的工序；2. 楼承板安装好之后可以作为施工平台使用，同时由于不必使用临时支撑，也不影响下一层施工平面的工作；3. 楼承板可作为楼板的底筋使用，减少了安装板筋的工作量；4. 根据压型板刚才的不同界面形状，多可以减少30%的楼板混凝土用量，减少楼板自重又可以相应的减少梁、柱和基础的尺寸，提高了结构的整体性能；

During the use stage, the floor support plate serves as the tensile steel bar for the concrete floor slab, which also improves the stiffness of the floor slab and saves the amount of steel and concrete used. The embossing on the surface of the profiled plate creates a large bonding force between the floor bearing plate and the concrete, forming a whole between the two. Coupled with stiffeners, the floor bearing plate system has a high-strength bearing capacity. Profiled steel plate composite plate (floor support plate, steel support plate) is a very reasonable structural form, which can fully utilize the advantages of good tensile and compressive properties of steel and concrete according to the positions and characteristics of its constituent components, and has good seismic and construction performance. This structure is currently widely used in high-rise buildings both domestically and internationally. Comparison between floor support plate and ordinary reinforced concrete floor slab 1 The floor support plate can be used as a permanent template for cast-in-place concrete, eliminating the process of installing and removing templates during construction; 2. After the installation of the floor support plate, it can be used as a construction platform, and as there is no need to use temporary support, it does not affect the work of the next floor construction plane; 3. The floor support plate can be used as the bottom reinforcement of the floor slab, reducing the workload of installing the plate reinforcement; 4. According to the different interface shapes of the pressed plate, the amount of concrete used in the floor slab can be reduced by 30%, reducing the self weight of the floor slab and correspondingly reducing the size of beams, columns, and foundations, thereby improving the overall performance of the structure;

二、工型钢

2、 I-shaped steel

称钢梁，是截面为工字形的长条钢材。其规格以腰高（h）*腿宽（b）*腰厚（d）的毫米数表示，如“工160*88*6”，即表示腰高160毫米，腿宽88毫米，腰厚6毫米的工型钢。工字钢分普通工字钢、轻型工字钢和H型钢三种。

A steel beam is a long strip of steel with an I-shaped cross-section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as "I 160 * 88 * 6", which means I steel with a waist height of 160 millimeters, leg width of 88 millimeters, and waist thickness of 6 millimeters. I-beams are divided into three types: ordinary I-beams, light I-beams, and H-beams.

普通工型钢和轻型工型钢的翼缘由根部向边上逐渐变薄的，有一定角度。由于它们截面尺寸相对较高、较窄，故对截面两个主袖的惯性矩相差较大，因此，一般仅用于在腹板平面内受弯的构件或将其组成格构式受力构件。对轴心受压构件或在垂直于腹板平面还有弯曲的构件均不采用，这是其在应用范围上有着很大的局限。工字钢广泛用于各种建筑结构、桥梁、车辆、支架、机械等。

The flange of ordinary and light I-beams gradually thins from the root to the edge, with a certain angle. Due to their relatively high and narrow cross-sectional dimensions, there is a significant difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves of the cross-section. Therefore, they are generally only used for components that are bent in the plane of the web or to form a lattice load-bearing component. It is not used for axially compressed components or components that are perpendicular to the web plane and still curved, which has significant limitations in its application range. I-beam is widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.

三、C型钢

3、 C-shaped steel

都是经热卷板冷弯加工，由C型钢成型机自动加工而成的。

They are all processed by hot rolling and cold bending, and automatically processed by a C-shaped steel forming machine.

壁薄自重轻，截面性能优良，强度高，与传统槽钢相比，同等强度可节约材料30%。

The wall is thin and lightweight, with excellent cross-sectional performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save material by 30%.

C型钢檩条按高度不同分为80、100、120、140、160五种规格，长度可以根据工程设计而确定，但考虑到运输和安装等条件，全长一般不超过12米。C型钢广泛应用于钢结构建筑的檩条，墙梁，也可自行组合成轻量型屋架、托架等建筑构件。此外，还可用于机械轻工制造中的柱、梁和臂等。

C-shaped steel purlins are divided into five specifications based on their height: 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160. The length can be determined according to engineering design, but considering transportation and installation conditions, the total length generally does not exceed 12 meters. C-shaped steel is widely used in purlins and wall beams of steel structures, and can also be self assembled into lightweight building components such as roof trusses and brackets. In addition, it can also be used for columns, beams, and arms in mechanical light industry manufacturing.

四、H型钢

4、 H-shaped steel

是由工字型钢优化发展而成的一种断面力学性能更为优良的经济型断面钢材尤其断面与英文字母“H”相同而得名。H型钢分为、宽翼缘型钢（HW）、中翼缘H型钢(HM)、窄翼缘H型钢（HN）、薄壁H钢（HT）、H型钢（HU）。

It is an economical section steel with better mechanical properties that has been optimized and developed from I-shaped steel, especially named after the same section as the English letter "H". H-shaped steel is divided into wide flange steel (HW), medium flange H-shaped steel (HM), narrow flange H-shaped steel (HN), thin-walled H-shaped steel (HT), and H-shaped steel (HU).

H型钢是一种新型经济建筑用钢。H型钢截面形状经济合理，力学性能好，轧制时截面上各点延伸较均匀、内应力小，与普通工字钢比较，具有截面模数大、重量轻、节省金属的优点，可使建筑结构减轻30-40%；又因其腿内外侧平行，腿端是直角，拼装组合成构件，可节约焊接、铆接工作量达25%。常用于承载能力大、截面稳定性好的大型建筑中的支架、基础桩等。H型钢的优点（1）翼缘宽，侧向刚度大。抗弯能力强。（2）翼缘两表面相互平行使得连接、加工、安装简便。（3）与焊摄工字钢相比，成本低，精度高，残余应力小，无需昂贵的焊接材料和焊缝检测，节约钢结构制作成本30%左右。（4）相同截面负荷下．热轧H钢结构比传统钢结构重量减轻15%-20%。（5）与砼（tong）结构相比，热轧H钢结构可增大6%的使用面积，而结构自重减轻20%一30%，减少结构设计内力。（6）H型钢可加工成T型钢，蜂窝梁可经组合形成各种截面形式，极大满足工程设计与制作需求。

H-beam is a new type of economic building steel. H-shaped steel has an economical and reasonable cross-sectional shape, good mechanical properties, and uniform extension at various points on the section during rolling with low internal stress. Compared with ordinary I-shaped steel, it has the advantages of large cross-sectional modulus, light weight, and metal saving, which can reduce the weight of building structures by 30-40%; Due to the parallel inner and outer sides of its legs and the right angle of its legs, it can be assembled into components, saving up to 25% of the welding and riveting workload. Commonly used as supports, foundation piles, etc. in large buildings with high load-bearing capacity and good cross-sectional stability. The advantages of H-beam (1) wide flange and high lateral stiffness. Strong bending resistance. (2) The two surfaces of the flange are parallel to each other, making it easy to connect, process, and install. (3) Compared with welded I-beams, it has low cost, high accuracy, low residual stress, no need for expensive welding materials and weld seam testing, and can save about 30% of steel structure production costs. (4) Under the same cross-sectional load, the weight of hot-rolled H-steel structures is reduced by 15% -20% compared to traditional steel structures. (5) Compared with concrete (tong) structures, hot-rolled H-steel structures can increase their usage area by 6%, while reducing their self weight by 20-30% and reducing the internal force of structural design. (6) H-shaped steel can be processed into T-shaped steel, and honeycomb beams can be combined to form various cross-sectional forms, greatly meeting the needs of engineering design and production.